Black-and-white engraving depicting Zipporah circumcising her son, as described in Exodus 4:25. Engraving by Georg Daniel Heumann. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. From An historical, critical, geographical, chronological, and etymological dictionary of the Holy Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published London: Printed for J. J. and P. Knapton, etc.
Black-and-white engravings depicting a circumcision performed by a Portuguese Jewish family in Amsterdam, above, and pidyon haben (redemption of the first-born son), below. Engraving after Bernard Picart. From Histoire générale des cérémonies, moeurs, et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde / representées en 243 figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard, avec des explications historiques & curieuses par M. l’abbé Banier & par M. l’abbé Mascrier, Volume 1, published Paris: Rollin fils, 1741.
Black-and-white engraving depicting implements used in the ritual of circumcision. Below, a Torah scroll and its ornaments. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Jewish rituals of a Sotah (woman suspected of adultery) undergoing the ordeal of bitter water, a burial, and a circumsision. From Philologus hebræo-mixtus by Johannes Leusden, published Basileæ, apud E. & J.R. Thurnisios, fratres.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. Engraving by George Bickham. From The Universal Penman by George Bickham, published London: Printed for the author.