Mobile Homes: Today, and A Glance Ahead, a report prepared by Berkeley-Charleston-Dorchester Regional Planning Council, financed in part through a comprehensive planning grant from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Materials regarding "Operation Step-up," drafted by George A. Mines, Jr. of George A. Mines, Jr. Construction Company, providing an introduction and proposal regarding the program.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the year 1880. The yearbook opens with an address from Mayor Courtenay followed by reports from various departments and an appendix recounting the history of Charleston.
Applications to the Y.W.C.A. of Greater Charleston and United Way sponsored "The 'King Child' Contest," a contest held in honor of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. from October 31 to November 30, 1984 for Kevin Henderson, Nichelle Renee Nelson, and Erika Shannon Wilder.
Letter from Clifford J. Collins, Promotion Director of the "Back-To-School/Stay-In-School" Project to NAACP Unit President, regarding participation in the National "Back-To-School/Stay-In-School" Rally. Enclosed supporting materials.
Martin Luther King, Jr. scrapbook from 1988 including Martin Luther King, Jr. voter registration drive materials, photocopies of newspaper articles, programs, and copies of photographs.
Newspaper printed for the civilian employees of the Charleston Naval Shipyard starting on January 9th 1953. This volume covers from January 11th 1952 to December 18th 1953.
Newspaper printed for the civilian employees of the Charleston Naval Shipyard starting on January 11th 1957. This volume covers from January 11th 1957 to December 20th 1957.
Newspaper printed for the civilian employees of the Charleston Naval Shipyard starting on January 11th 1952. This volume covers from January 11th 1952 to December 24th 1952.
Newspaper printed for the civilian employees of the Charleston Naval Shipyard starting on January 6th 1956. This volume covers from January 6th 1956 to December 28th 1956.
Newspaper printed for the civilian employees of the Charleston Naval Shipyard starting on January 2nd 1959. This volume covers from January 2nd 1959 to December 23rd 1959.
Newspaper printed for the civilian employees of the Charleston Naval Shipyard starting on January 7th 1955. This volume covers from January 7th 1955 to December 16th 1955.
Newspaper printed for the civilian employees of the Charleston Naval Shipyard starting on January 6th 1950. This volume covers from January 6th 1950 to December 22nd 1950.
A commencement speech delivered by former Confederate general Edwin Warren Moïse to the graduating class of a school for girls. In the speech, he discusses gender roles and acceptable jobs for women. As career paths, he suggests women become cooks, tailors, gardeners, artists, stenographers, nurses, and doctors. He cites several notable female historical and contemporary figures as examples.
Meeting minutes volume kept by the Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim Board of Trustees, 1897-1909. The entries in this volume concern all discussions regarding synagogue business, finances, memberships, the "Ottolengui Fund," the management of several real estate assets, the installation of electric lights in the synagogue, and the decision to discuss a reverend's conduct with him.
Meeting minutes volume kept by the Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim Board of Trustees, 1909-1916. The entries in this volume concern all discussions regarding synagogue business, finances, memberships, and its search for a new minister. It also mentions replacing the cemetery fence with help from the "ladies."
This document packet is the abstract of the title to a tract of land located near the southeast corner of Meeting Street and Cunnington Street. St. Matthew's Lutheran Church (then the German Evangelical Lutheran Church) purchased the land from the Northeastern Railroad Company (N.E.R.R. Company) in 1883 for the purpose of creating a cemetery. The cemetery became known as Bethany Cemetery. The abstract lists the property's previous owners and the means through which they acquired the land. It also includes legal documentation showing the N.E.R.R. paid taxes on the land and other confirmation that they had the right to sell the land.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the three years spanning 1949, 1950, and 1951. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, R. Goodwyn Rhett, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1947. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, E. Edward Wehman, Jr., followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1946. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, E. Edward Wehman,??Jr., followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1945. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, E. Edward Wehman, Jr., followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1944. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, E. Edward Wehman, Jr., followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1948. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, William McG. Morrison, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1943. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Henry Lockwood, followed by reports from various departments.
1900, 1901, 1850-1859, 1890-1899, 1880-1889, 1870-1879, 1860-1869, and 1840-1849
Description:
This German-language ledger book contains the records of marriages and deaths within the community of St. Matthew's Lutheran Church from 1840 to 1900, with a few additional entries for 1901. The book is divided into two sections. The front portion contains marriage records while the back portion contains death records.
Volume contains a chronological record (1855-1856) of the number of bushels, tolls, vessels on which the rice arrived, names of individuals (plantation owners), where the rice was stored (floor and "binn") and the marks used, the names of factors, the vessels on which rice was shipped, and other data. Mill accounts contain expenses for rice, drayage, coopers, carpenters, watchman, Negroes (hire), labor, salaries of various individuals, repairs, baskets and brooms, rice, cords of wood, poles, barrels, mill stones, wharf building, cart license, a butcher's bill, horses, insurance on rice, discount on a note, sales of rice, ironwork, sweep chimney, blacksmith work, and other expenses. Income is from cash received at mill, from various individuals for rice flour and rice, from freight and tolls on rice, from notes, and from other items. The Cannonsborough Mills, begun in 1825 by former Governor Thomas Bennett, included twenty-two pestles driven by steam and fourteen pestles run by tide power. Its property fronted Ashley River a third of a mile. In 1847 Bennett deeded the property to his son-in-law, Jonathan Lucas, III. The larger of the Cannonsborough mills burnt in February of 1860.
Program for the Tenth Anniversary Banquet of the Charleston Chapter of Aleph Zadik Aleph. The program includes a list of officers and directors, a schedule of events, and a list of sponsors. The program notes a Benediction by Rabbi Jacob S. Raisin.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1942. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Henry W. Lockwood, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1941. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Henry W. Lockwood, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1940. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Henry W. Lockwood, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1937. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Burnet R. Maybank, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1930. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Thomas P. Stoney, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the years 1932-1935. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Burnet R. Maybank, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1936. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Burnet R. Maybank, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the year 1911. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, R. Goodwyn Rhett, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1938. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Henry W. Lockwood, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the year 1912. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, John P. Grace, followed by reports from various departments
The Diary of Julius M. Bacot, 1886 contains daily diary entries discussing Julius Bacot's work as a lawyer, the weather, illness, and his social engagements with members of other Charleston families such as the Manigaults, Lowndes, Rhetts and Ravenels. Other entries talk about weddings, deaths, hunting trips, and property claims following the Civil War. The diary includes entries on the Protestant Episcopal Church Convention in which discussion formed around the admittance of African American ministers which was ultimately denied. Finally, Julius Bacot writes about the 1886 Charleston Earthquake in which he records the event as it happens and the damages, anxieties, aftershocks, and relief efforts following it.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1921. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, John P. Grace, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1929. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Thomas P. Stoney, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1924. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Thomas P. Stoney, followed by reports from various departments.
In this ten-page, handwritten letter, Warren Hubert Moise writes about his uncle Theodore Sidney Moise (b. 1808), and his uncle’s family, offering recollections of each member of the family.
In this fifteen-page, handwritten letter, Warren Hubert Moise responds to questions his nephew Edwin Warren Moise (b. 1889) had asked in previous letters, expanding on the Moise family history.
In this six-page, handwritten letter Warren Hubert Moise writes to his nephew, Edwin Warren Moise (b. 1889), about a trip he took to Savannah and Tybee Island, Georgia. He also discusses his father, Edwin Warren Moise (b. 1810), whose death in 1868 left the family in financial distress.
Rebecca Bryan discusses memories of her life in Charleston. She mentions a contest between the fire departments, the Womens Exchange on King Street, Dixie Antique Shop, transportation as a young girl, several significant earthquakes and hurricanes, the history of her house at 110 Broad Street, the Battery as a child, her childhood schooling, the Charleston Exposition of 1901, and a story about the Charleston Light Dragoons. Audio with transcript and tape log.
John Laurens graduated from the Citadel in 1910. During World War I Laurens was stationed with the Charleston Light Dragoons in El Paso, Texas and later in France. In the interview, Laurens enumerates his siblings and discusses various occurrences in his life and in Charleston including family vacations on the Southern Railroad, a bath house that was once located at the end of Tradd Street, the Charleston Exposition of 1901, a tornado that took off the steeple of St. Philips Church and a fire at the Anderson Lumber Company once located on Broad Street. Audio with transcript.
Mrs. Sparkman talks about several different ghost stories that are told about her house at 15 Legare Street in Charleston, South Carolina. Audio with transcript.
Harold Stone Reeves, a native Charlestonian and lifelong performer, discusses the many aspects of his life since his birth in 1892, including his longtime interest in Gullah, attending the University of South Carolina, his commission with the Charleston Light Dragoons during World War I, his involvement with the Society for the Preservation of Spirituals, and his role as the first manager of the of the Charleston Social Security Office. Audio with transcript and tape log.
Longtime Charleston preservationist, Elizabeth Jenkins “Liz” Young, was born April 7, 1919 on Edisto Island. In this interview she conveys her love for Charleston and emphasizes the importance of its preservation, gives a brief lesson on the Gullah dialect, and discusses St. Michaels Church. Young also talks about Federal Memorial Day versus Confederate Memorial Day, a holiday designated to memorialize the soldiers lost in the Civil War, which she calls the “War Of Northern Aggression.” Audio with transcript and tape log.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the year 1917. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Tristram T. Hyde, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the year 1916. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Tristram T. Hyde, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the year 1918. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Tristram T. Hyde, followed by reports from various departments.
1900, 1850-1859, 1890-1899, 1880-1889, 1870-1879, 1860-1869, and 1840-1849
Description:
This German-language ledger book contains the records of baptisms and confirmations within the community of St. Matthew's Lutheran Church from 1840 to 1900. The book is divided into two sections. The front portion contains baptismal records while the back portion contains confirmation records.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, South Carolina for the year 1919. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Tristram T. Hyde, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1920. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, John P. Grace, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1923. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, John P. Grace, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1925. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Thomas P. Stoney, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1922. The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, John P. Grace, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1926. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Thomas P. Stoney, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1927. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Thomas P. Stoney, followed by reports from various departments.
A report from the mayor, city council, and various governmental departments of Charleston, S.C. for the year 1928. ??The Year Book opens with an address from the mayor, Thomas P. Stoney, followed by reports from various departments.
Oral history interview of Millicent Brown regarding her efforts in desegregating Rivers High School in Charleston, SC. The interview is what Dr. Brown labeled as the prototype for the Somebody Had To Do It project, which is designed as a multi-disciplinary study to identify, locate, interview and acknowledge the African American “first children" who desegregated America's schools.
The former Charleston mayor discusses family storytelling. He considers himself and his mother's side of the family to be introverted. His father's side are talkative, "Irish" storytellers. Riley shares family lore he received as a child. These include impressions of his father and his political associates, including Senators James F. Byrnes and Fritz Hollings. He also shares family stories and impressions of memorable relatives, including his grandfather J. Edwin Schachte's involvement with the Knights of Columbus, his uncle Lawrence G. Riley's life in the merchant marine, and pranks with his uncle John E. Riley. Riley lore also ties the family to the Civil War through his great grandfather Henry Oliver, a Confederate veteran. After the Civil War, Oliver walked home from Richmond, Virginia. The interview concludes with Rileys childhood memories of World War Two.
Riley discusses his years in the South Carolina House of Representatives (1968-1974). During those years, Riley was part of a small group of young legislators known as the Young Turks, which attempted to pass progressive reforms but faced the opposition of conservative legislators lead by the long-time serving Speaker of the House, Solomon Blatt Sr. Riley discusses his 1968 campaign and the unsuccessful runs of James Clyburn and Herbert Fielding. The interview concludes with Riley reflecting on his wife Charlotte's role and presence in his political career.
Erin McKee was born in Brooklyn, New York. Right after college, Mckee started her career as a flight attendant with National Airlines. When this company went bankrupt she joined Tower Air. In this interview, Mckee recalls some of the most dangerous, most difficult, and most satisfying moments she experienced working on international flights. In the ‘80s when she started working with the airline industry, flight attendants were expected to look attractive, they have to be slim, have their nails done, and their her hair up. It took time and work to change the requirements for applicants to meet the real focus of the position ‘the main reason that a flight attendant is on the airplane is if there's an emergency, to get you out of that airplane safely. It's not to look good. It's not to serve you meals really. You're there by law, federal regulations, to get people out of a plane in a certain amount of time if there's an emergency." At the end of '80s early '90s McKee and her coworkers organized a union to demand better regulations regarding the scheduling and number of hours they were forced to work. She became the secretary/treasurer of her union and was part of the negotiating committee. Because of her experience, she went to Washington, D. C. to testify before a legislative subcommittee about duty time legislation. Mckee moved to Charleston in 1996 and around 1998 Tower Air closed and she was out of work. She thought that her vast experience with unions would help her to find a job quickly but her background was not seen as an asset in a right to work state. She finally started working with American Income Life Insurance and then with Electrical Workers' Building Trades Local IBEW776. In 2013 she became the President of the State Labor Council (AFL- CIO).
Carol Tempel was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1941 to first generation Polish and German- Czechoslovakian parents. Her father was a Roman Catholic Democrat and her mother a Missouri Synod Lutheran Republican. She credits her parents' experiences as the foundation for her understanding of civil rights; " I think those experiences are really the thing that helped me understand what the civil-rights movement was all about, what discrimination was all about, what prejudice was all about, because it was founded on knowing people as people." Her father encouraged her to attend college and pursue a career in science even when in 1963 it was an uncommon career choice for a woman. She graduated from Augustana College, majoring in Biology and Secondary Education. Later she pursued a master's degree in Biology and completed her PhD in Educational Leadership. In the interview, Tempel tells about the times when she was denied employment despite her qualifications because of her gender. In 1978, Tempel moved with her husband, George Tempel, and children from Kansas to Charleston. Tempel remembers feeling she was "an anomaly" among the other women. She joined the League of Women Voters and soon was deeply involved in the Equal Rights Movement. She tells about the efforts to reform the legislation in South Carolina, the criticism she received in her own community because of her activism, and finally the frustration when despite all the hard work in 1982 the legislation did not pass. Tempel never stopped working in the community; from ‘82 to ‘88 she served as a chair of the James Island Constituent School Board and was the owner of a small business. In '88, she was hired by Charleston County Schools as curriculum specialist and she worked with the school district in many different capacities until her retirement. She is the president of the American Association of University Women of South Carolina. In the interview, Tempel reflects about the motivations behind her activism, her biggest accomplishments, and what means for her to be a feminist and a southern woman.
Charleston?s longest-serving mayor discusses his experiences as an undergraduate at The Citadel (1960-1964). Prompted by a yearbook photo, Riley shares memories of his classmates, including a company commander with a proclivity for pranks involving wildlife. Riley also reflects on Charleston's Civil War Centennial events, which were part of a year-long national commemoration. Cadets re-enacted the December 1861 firing on the federal supply ship, the Star of the West, which preceded by four months the attack on Fort Sumter that marked the start of the Civil War. Riley recalls his cousin Steve Schachte firing a model cannon at a Star of the West replica from the roof of the family home on Charleston's Battery. Riley also describes his relationship to Thomas Nugent ("The Boo") Courvoisie, a beloved Citadel administrator. A trip to New Orleans as a member of the Summerall Guard during Riley's senior year was especially memorable. He additionally reflects on his early work experiences, including assisting his father in his insurance business and an internship in Congressman Mendel Rivers's office in Washington, DC. Riley concludes with some reflections on the influence of John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. on his values.
Susan K. Dunn (1951) was born in Murray, Kentucky. Her mother was a homemaker and her father, a World War II veteran, was a Methodist Church minister who was very active in the Civil Rights movement. Dunn attended Duke University from 1968 to 1972, and her whole college experience was deeply impacted by the anti-war movement. In this interview, Dunn remembers her days as a student, protesting in the Duke Campus, and marching to DC. After college she decided to become an attorney and attended the University Of North Carolina School Of Law in Chapel Hill. Although it was a predominately male environment she did not face discrimination or problems for being a woman. It was later, when she was looking for a job that she confronted more barriers related not only to her gender but also to the fact that she lacked family connections. After graduation she moved with her husband to Charleston and worked for a small local law firm for a while. Later, she opened her own practice focusing mainly in family law. In 1993, Dunn began litigating in a high profile case known as Ferguson et al V. City of Charleston et all which lasted for more than a decade and was decided by the United States Supreme Court. "It involved a legal challenge to a policy that was basically created by the Charleston City Police and the Medical University. It was a policy that dealt with drug-testing pregnant women and using the criminal procedure to force them into treatment or to arrest them." The Supreme Court held that the policy was unconstitutional because it violated the Fourth Amendment. During all the years living and practicing law in Charleston Dunn has been involved in many causes directly related to protect and advance women's rights. Dunn has devoted her time and energy to many organizations, such as NOW (National Organization of Women), The South Carolina Women Lawyers' Association, and the City of Charleston Women Association. However, she affirms that "probably the place where I've affected more women is representing them in divorces and not charging them an arm and a leg and, you know, trying to, in one way that I could, help them get through that process with their dignity intact".In addition, Dunn worked as a lay minister at the Circular Church from 1999 to 2009. She explains that her church community is very important for her. Finally, Dunn reflects about her life as a mother and professional, and about what it means to her to be a feminist and a southern woman.
Charles Moore, a member and business manager of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) Local 776, was born in Florence, South Carolina, on July 19th, 1961. Soon after, his family moved to the Isle of Palms, where he spent his youth. Directly after graduating from high school, Moore joined the Marine Corps and served from 1979 to 1983. He spent most of his service time overseas, first in Japan and later in Korea. After completing his years of service at the age of twenty, Moore attended Embry-Riddle College in Daytona, Florida, aspiring to become a helicopter pilot. However, he returned to South Carolina before finishing his training and, needing a steady job, decided pursue a civilian job and continued on to join the local union. He explains that transitioning from military life to the union was not difficult, as both systems provided similar structure and order. Moore talks about IBEW, the union which represents electricians and workers of the communication and broadcasting industries, and describes its role in negotiating with contractors and ensuring benefits for the workers. His pride in his work with the union, in his trade, and in the Charleston-based projects on which he has participated is evident. He says proudly, “I can walk around here and see every building I worked in. I’m a part of the community. I love being a part of the community. My children get tired of it because every time we ride around, [I say], ‘Yeah, I built that. I built that.’”
"Herbert Lee Frazier was born at the Charleston Naval Base Hospital. The son of a Navy cook, Herbert grew up wandering King Street, enjoying cartoons, and maturing under the love and support of his close-knit family. Frazier also describes his youth and the neighborhood he grew up in, including the damage it suffered from Hurricane Hugo and the following gentrification. Frazier attended The University of South Carolina, majoring in journalism. Although he gravitated towards an advertising career, he found himself working as an intern at The Post and Courier in a newly integrated news room. Frazier notes that his career in journalism allowed him to “follow his curiosity.” Frazier went on to work at papers such as The State Newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, The Times-Picayune in New Orleans, Louisiana, The Dallas Times-Herald, in Dallas, Texas, and The Charlotte Observer in Charlotte, North Carolina. In 1990, he was named the journalist of the year by the South Carolina Press Association in recognition of his work with the South Carolina Association of Black Journalists. Frazier also recalls such experiences as teaching at Rhodes University in South Africa, participating in journalism organizations, and leading training sessions in developing countries with the State Department. In the interview, Frazier reflects on the ethics, integrity, and technological advancements in journalism . He also talks about the challenges he faced as an African American journalist and remembers some of the most interesting stories he wrote. "
Sean Doherty discusses his experience growing up as part of an Irish-American family in New York City. His parents emigrated from County Donegal in the 1920s. He discusses growing up in a neighborhood of various first-generation immigrants from different backgrounds. He was an officer in the United States Marine Corps, until he became a salesman for Sylvan Pyrometric Systems, eventually retiring and coming to Charleston.
Norma Hoffman-Davis (1940) was born and lived in Charleston until she left for college in 1957. Hoffman's parents were Ellen Wiley, a school teacher, and Joseph Irvin Hoffman a prominent African American physician who practiced in Charleston until he was in his eighties. In this interview, Hoffman-Davis reflects about growing up in Charleston peninsula, in a time when black and whites lived in the same neighborhoods but all institutions were segregated. She attended a catholic school for blacks, Immaculate Conception, and her family worshiped at St Peter's Catholic Church. Hoffman- Davis remembers the stories of her father, a black doctor, practicing in downtown Charleston and rural Johns Island. She tells about the health care institutions available for black people when she was a child, Cannon Street Hospital and the black section of Roper Hospital and also remembers her father's colleagues. Hoffman-Davis reflects about the mixed results that desegregation brought to the black community in terms of the access to healthcare services, as well as how changes in the healthcare industry have negatively impacted the doctor- patient relationship. Hofmann and her husband Mr. Leonard Davis lived in Detroit Michigan for thirty-eight years. After retirement they move back to the Lowcountry and reside in the house in which her parents used to live.
