Black-and-white engraving depicting the creation of man, as described in Genesis 1:26-27. Engraving by Jacob Andreas Fridrich. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Aaron at the altar of incense, as described in Exodus 30:1-2. Engraving by Georg Daniel Heumann. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Aaron at the altar of incense, as described in Exodus 30:1-2. Engraving by Georg Daniel Heumann. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting consuming the Passover lamb, as described in Exodus 12:11. Engraving by Martin Tyroff. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting consuming the Passover lamb, as described in Exodus 12:11. Engraving by Martin Tyroff. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white woodcut map of the twelve tribes of Israel. From Psalm 80: 9-12 : "Thou didst pluck up a vine out of Egypt; Thou didst drive out the nations, and didst plant it. Thou didst clear a place before it, and it took deep root, and filled the land. The mountains were covered with the shadow of it, and the mighty cedars with the boughs thereof. She sent out her branches unto the sea and her shoots unto the River." Frontispiece to Onomasticum Veteris Testamenti, sive, Tractatus philologicus quo nomina V.T. propria ad appellativorum analogiam reducta ex originibus et formis suis explicantur, cum aliarum gentium nominibus conferuntur, impositionis ratio, quantum fieri potuit, ubique ostenditur, atque adeo linguae originali noua lux affunditur by Johann Simonis, published Halae Magdeburgicae : Impensis Orphanotrophei.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Aaron and his sons sacrificing a ram, as described in Exodus 29:13-22. Engraving by Georg Daniel Heumann. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Abimelech restoring Sarah to Abraham, as described in Genesis 20:16. Engraving by Hieronymus Sperling. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the embalming of Jacob, as described in Genesis 50:2-3. Engraving by Georg Daniel Heumann. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Jacob wrestling with the angel, as described in Genesis 32:24-32. Engraving by Georg Daniel Heumann. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Zipporah circumcising her son, as described in Exodus 4:25. Engraving by Georg Daniel Heumann. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving illustrating the Pharisees as a brood of vipers, as described in Matthew 3:7. Engraving by Johann Georg Pintz. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving illustrating the proscription against eating pigs, as described in Leviticus 11:7. Engraving by Martin Tyroff. From Kupfer-Bibel, in welcher die Physica Sacra, oder geheiligte Natur-Wissenschafft derer in Heil. Schrifft vorkommenden Natürlichen Sachen by Johann Jakob Scheuchzer published Augsburg and Ulm: Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735.
Black-and-white engraving of a Aaron in the vestments of a Jewish high priest. From An historical, critical, geographical, chronological, and etymological dictionary of the Holy Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published London: Printed for J. J. and P. Knapton, etc.
Black-and-white engraving depicting scenes from the execution by hanging of financier Joseph Süß Oppenheimer: his exit from Stuttgart under armed guard, above, and his hanging outside the city, below. Engraving by Jakob Gottlieb Thelot after Lucas Conrad Pfandzelt. Published Augsburg: Romanus Heid.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the vestments of a Pharisee. Engraving by Johann Carl Joseph Störcklin. From Biblia, das ist: die gantze Heilige Schrifft Alten und Neuen Testaments, translated by Martin Luther, published Basel: Thurneysen.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Jewish holiday rituals, including eating in a sukkah during Sukkot, a haircut during Lag BaOmer, providing treats to children for Simchat Torah, and kiddush levana on Rosh Chodesh. From Philologus hebræo-mixtus by Johannes Leusden, published Basileæ, apud E. & J.R. Thurnisios, fratres.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Yom Kippur ritual of malkot (lashes) in the Great Synagogue of Amsterdam. Engraving by Pieter Tanjé after Louis Fabricius Dubourg. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 5, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engravings depicting blowing the shofar on Rosh Hashanah at the Portuguese Synagogue in Amsterdam, above, and Yom Kippur at the Ashkenazi Obbene Shul in Amsterdam, below. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting financier Joseph Süß Oppenheimer after his execution by hanging. He holds a torch that lights his journey to the netherworld; the gallows can be seen in the background. In the right corner lays his wig, a symbol of his former status.
A letter from a man seeking financial aid from the St. Andrew's Society based on his illness. He would like aid to assist him in returning to Great Britain
Hand-colored engraved map identifying the distribution of languages of the world, particularly Asia. It includes charts of Hebrew, Syriac, Perso-Arabic, Armenian and Palmyrene scripts. Engraving by Sebastian Dorn after Gottfried Hensel. From Synopsis universae philologiae by Gottfried Hensel, published Norimbergae : in commissis apvd heredes Homannianos.
Black-and-white engravings depicting the priestly blessing, above, and lifting the Torah, below, at the Portuguese Synagogue in the Hague. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Jews of Rome presenting the Pentateuch to a new pope after his election. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the tallit (prayer shawl) and tefillin (phylacteries) used during prayer. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Yom Kippur ritual of malkot (lashes). From Het algemeen groot historisch, oordeelkundig, chronologisch, geografisch, en letterlyk naam- en woord-boek, van den gantschen H. Bybel by Augustin Calmet.
Black-and-white engraved portrait of René of Anjou, mistakenly identified as a portrait of philosopher Baruch Spinoza. Engraving by Etienne Jehandier Desrochers.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the vestments of the Jewish high priest. Engraving by Johann Carl Joseph Störcklin. From Biblia, das ist: die gantze Heilige Schrifft Alten und Neuen Testaments, translated by Martin Luther, published Basel: Thurneysen.
Black-and-white engravings depicting the Passover custom of the mother placing bits of unleavened bread for the father and children to discover and dispose of, above, and a Passover seder of Portuguese Jews in Amsterdam, below. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting sacrifices at the Temple for Sukkot. Engraving by Coenraad de Putter. From Histoire universelle, depuis le commencement du monde, jusqu’à présent, Volume 7, published Amsterdam: Arkstée et Merkus, 1742-1782.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Jewish holiday rituals, including lighting a menorah on Hanukkah, Purim festivities, mourning on Tisha B'Av, and the Yom Kippur ritual of malkot. From Philologus hebræo-mixtus by Johannes Leusden, published Basileæ, apud E. & J.R. Thurnisios, fratres.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. From An historical, critical, geographical, chronological, and etymological dictionary of the Holy Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published London: Printed for J. J. and P. Knapton, etc.
Black-and-white engraving depicting lighting the Sabbath lamp. From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 3, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
Black-and-white engravings depicting the celebration of Simchat Torah by the Portuguese Jews of Amsterdam. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engravings depicting a circumcision performed by a Portuguese Jewish family in Amsterdam, above, and pidyon haben (redemption of the first-born son), below. Engraving after Bernard Picart. From Histoire générale des cérémonies, moeurs, et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde / representées en 243 figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard, avec des explications historiques & curieuses par M. l’abbé Banier & par M. l’abbé Mascrier, Volume 1, published Paris: Rollin fils, 1741.
Black-and-white engraving depicting implements used in the ritual of circumcision. Below, a Torah scroll and its ornaments. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Jewish rituals of a Sotah (woman suspected of adultery) undergoing the ordeal of bitter water, a burial, and a circumsision. From Philologus hebræo-mixtus by Johannes Leusden, published Basileæ, apud E. & J.R. Thurnisios, fratres.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. Engraving by George Bickham. From The Universal Penman by George Bickham, published London: Printed for the author.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Yom Kippur ritual of malkot (lashes). From An historical, critical, geographical, chronological, and etymological dictionary of the Holy Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published London: Printed for J. J. and P. Knapton, etc.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Jewish ritual objects, including tefillin (phylacteries), mezuzah, shofar, kiddush cup, tefillin, and Torah scroll. From Philologus hebræo-mixtus by Johannes Leusden, published Basileæ, apud E. & J.R. Thurnisios, fratres.
Black-and-white engraving depicting King David kneeling next to the Jewish high priest, consulting the urim and thummim. Engraving by François van Bleyswyck. From An historical, critical, geographical, chronological, and etymological dictionary of the Holy Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published London: Printed for J. J. and P. Knapton, etc.
Black-and-white engraving depicting tefillin (phylacteries). From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 3, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the principal religions of the world. Judaism is depicted by a rabbi holding a Torah scroll. Engraving by Bernard Picart. Frontispiece for Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting building sukkahs for the celebration of Sukkot. From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 3, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
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