Black-and-white etching depicting a Jewish man wearing a tallis (prayer shawl) and tefillin (phylacteries). He stands in front of the Portuguese Synagogue in Amsterdam. Text excerpted from Deuteronomy 6:8-9: "And thou shalt bind them for a sign upon thy hand, and they shall be for frontlets between thine eyes. And thou shalt write them upon the door-posts of thy house, and upon thy gates." Etching by Jan Luyken. From Mosaize historie der Hebreeuwse kerke, Volume 3, by Willem Goeree, published Amsterdam: Willem and David Goeree.
Black-and-white engraving depicting, above, Simon of Trent, whose disappearance and murder led to charges of blood libel against the Jewish community of Trent; below, an image of a Judensau (Jews' sow). This engraving is a copy of a wall painting on the bridge tower of Frankfurt am Main; the bridge was demolished in 1801. In German, the text reads : "Au weih Rabbi Anschl, au, au! Mausch, au weih, au, au! Sauff Mauschi, sauff die Milch! Friss du Rabbi den Dreck, es ist doch alle Zeit euer bestes Geschleck!" In English, the title reads : "In 1475 on Maundy Thursday, the child Simon, who was 2 years old, was murdered by the Jews." In English, the text reads : "Oy vey Rabbi Anschl, oy, oy! Mausch, oy vey, oy, oy! Drink Mauchi, drink the milk! Eat, Rabbi, this filth! That's your greatest delicacy!"
Sheet of black-and-white engravings used as an advertisement for Neu-eröffnete Welt-Galleria by Abraham a Sancta Clara, published Nuremberg: Christoph Weigel, 1703. The center and right plates on the bottom row depict Jews from Frankfurt and Poland.
Black-and-white engraving of a Jewish man from Poland. Engraving by Christoph Weigel after Caspar Luyken. From Neu-eröffnete Welt-Galleria by Abraham a Sancta Clara, published Nuremberg: Christoph Weigel.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a woman fulfilling the three mitzvot (commandments) for Jewish women: niddah (family purity), nerot (lighting of candles), and challah (separating a portion of dough). Frontispiece to Seder ha-tefilot : mi-kol ha-shanah ʻim perush bi-leshon Ashkenaz, published Amsterdam: Moshe ben Avraham Mendes Ḳoṭinyo.
Black-and-white engraving depicting consuming the Passover lamb, as described in Exodus 12. Engraving by Johnn Gottfried Krügner. From Biblia das ist: Die gantze Heilige Schrifft Altes und Neues Testaments, translated by Martin Luther, published Leipzig: Verlag Johann Ludwig Gleditsch.
Black-and-white engraved portrait of Moses. Engraving by Joseph de Montalegre. From Biblia, das ist : die gantze Heilige Schrifft, Altes und Neues Testaments, translated by Martin Luther, published Nuremberg: Johann Andreas Endter.
Engraving and text from Darstellungen menschlicher Narrheiten (Representations of human follies). In German, the text reads : "Was wolt Ihr Juden bey den Sachen, / soll man euch auch zu Narren machen. / Sie wollen einen Wipper krönen. / Der sich mit ihnen wird versöhnen. / Weil er so viel Profit genomen, / als feinen Juden zu gekomen." In English, the text reads : "What do you Jews want by those things, should you all be made into fools as well. / They want to crown a "Wipper," / Who will reconcile with them. / Because he took so much profit, that he became a well off Jew." This engraving is part of a series satirizing the foolish schemes people believed during the economic crisis in the early 17th century. The title "Der Kipp-und Wipper-Narr" refers to the phrase used to describe this period of hyperinflation (Kipper- und Wipperzeit), literally meaning to "Tipper and See-saw," which refers to the unstable state of the economy.
Black-and-white engraving of the celebration of Purim at the Portuguese Synagogue in Amsterdam in 1712. Engraving by William Forrest after an engraving by Bernard Picart. From The faiths of the world; an account of all religions and religious sects, their doctrines, rites, ceremonies, and customs, published Edinburgh: A. Fullarton & Co.
Black-and-white engraving of a Jewish woman from Cairo. From Atlas historique, ou, Nouvelle introduction à l'histoire, à la chronologie & à la géographie ancienne & moderne,Volume 6, by Henri Abraham Chatelain, published Amsterdam: Chez François L'Honoré & Compagnie, 1705-1720.
Black-and-white engraving of a Jewish man from Cairo. From Atlas historique, ou, Nouvelle introduction à l'histoire, à la chronologie & à la géographie ancienne & moderne,Volume 6, by Henri Abraham Chatelain, published Amsterdam: Chez François L'Honoré & Compagnie, 1705-1720.
Hand-colored engraving depicting the Judengasse in Augsburg. Engraving by Karl Remshard. Published Augsburg: Kaiserlich Franciscische Akademie der Freien Künste und Wissenschaften. From the series Collection des Prospects : Vue de la Ville Imperiale d'Augsbourg.
Black-and-white engravings depicting a circumcision performed by a Portuguese Jewish family in Amsterdam, above, and pidyon haben (redemption of the first-born son), below. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engravings depicting a marriage ceremony of Portuguese Jews, above, and Ashkenazi Jews, below, in Amsterdam. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engravings depicting a Jewish funeral, above, and a Jewish burial, below. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving with three scenes: a Jewish circumcision (at left), Moses and The Ten Commandments (center), and lighting the Sabbath lamp (right). Engraving by François Morellon La Cave. From Naaukeurige beschryving der uitwendige godtsdienst-plichten, kerk-zeden en gewoontens van alle volkeren der waereldt, Volume 1, by Bernard Picart, translated by Abraham Moubach, published: Rotterdam, Amsterdam & Den Haag: Uytwerf, Beman en Van der Kloot, 1727-38.
Engraving of a Jewish man wearing a prayer shawl and phylacteries. From Introduction à l'Ecriture sainte, où l'on traite tout ce qui concerne les Juifs… by Bernard Lamy.
Black-and-white engravings depicting Sukkot at the Portuguese Synagogue in Amsterdam, above, and Portuguese Jews in a sukkah during Sukkot, below. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish marriage ceremony. From Jüdisches Ceremoniel, first published by Paul Christian Kirchner in 1717, edited and reissued by the Christian Hebraist Sebastian Jugendres in 1724, published Nuremberg: Peter Conrad Monath.
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