Black-and-white engraved portrait of Moses. Engraving by Joseph de Montalegre. From Biblia, das ist : die gantze Heilige Schrifft, Altes und Neues Testaments, translated by Martin Luther, published Nuremberg: Johann Andreas Endter.
Black-and-white engraving depicting sacrifices at the Temple for Sukkot. Engraving by Coenraad de Putter. From Histoire universelle, depuis le commencement du monde, jusqu’à présent, Volume 7, published Amsterdam: Arkstée et Merkus, 1742-1782.
Black-and-white engravings depicting the Passover custom of the mother placing bits of unleavened bread for the father and children to discover and dispose of, above, and a Passover seder of Portuguese Jews in Amsterdam, below. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving depicting Jewish holiday rituals, including lighting a menorah on Hanukkah, Purim festivities, mourning on Tisha B'Av, and the Yom Kippur ritual of malkot. From Philologus hebræo-mixtus by Johannes Leusden, published Basileæ, apud E. & J.R. Thurnisios, fratres.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Sabbath at home and in the synagogue. Engraving by Johann Georg Puschner. From Jüdisches Ceremoniel, first published by Paul Christian Kirchner in 1717, edited and reissued by the Christian Hebraist Sebastian Jugendres in 1724, published Nuremberg: Peter Conrad Monath.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. From An historical, critical, geographical, chronological, and etymological dictionary of the Holy Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published London: Printed for J. J. and P. Knapton, etc.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish circumcision. From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 1, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
Black-and-white engraving depicting lighting the Sabbath lamp. From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 3, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
Black-and-white engravings depicting Sukkot at the Portuguese Synagogue in Amsterdam, above, and Portuguese Jews in a sukkah during Sukkot, below. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engravings depicting the celebration of Simchat Torah by the Portuguese Jews of Amsterdam. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
![[Candelabrum Encoeniorum, Festum Purim, Dies nonus July, Flagellatio Judaica]](https://iiif.library.cofc.edu/iiif/2/39680/full/200,/0/default.jpg)
