Black-and-white engraving depicting implements used in the ritual of circumcision. Below, a Torah scroll and its ornaments. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Hand-colored engraving depicting the standards of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, along with the Tabernacle, above right. Illustration of Numbers 2:2 : "The children of Israel shall pitch by their fathers' houses; every man with his own standard, according to the ensigns; a good way off shall they pitch round about the tent of meeting." Below, a Torah scroll and its ornaments. Engraving by Castelli. From Le Costume ancien et moderne, ou, Histoire du gouvernement, de la milice, de la religion, des arts, sciences et usages de tous les peuples anciens et modernes, Asia, Volume 3, by Giulio Ferrario, published Milan: De l'imprimerie de l'editeur, 1815-1829.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the principal religions of the world. Judaism is depicted by a rabbi holding a Torah scroll. Engraving by Bernard Picart. Frontispiece for Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white offset print reproduction depicting the removal of the Torah scrolls from the ark at the West London Synagogue on Upper Berkeley Street. From A sketch of the history of Judaism and Christianity in the light of modern research and criticism by George Thomas Bettany.
Black-and-white engraving depicting lifting the Torah in the synagogue. The synagogue is identified by the title as Great Synagogue in London at Duke's Place. The engraving, however, is a copy of an engraving by Bernard Picart depicting the Protuguese Synagogue in the Hague. From Thornton's History of London, published London: A. Hogg.
Black-and-white engravings depicting the priestly blessing, above, and lifting the Torah, below, at the Portuguese Synagogue in the Hague. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white engraving of the interior of a synagogue. Engraving by James Mynde. From A new history of the Holy Bible, from the beginning of the world to the establishment of Christianity, Volume 2, by Thomas Stackhouse, published London: Printed for Stephen Austen, 1742-1744.
Black-and-white engraving depicting the Jews of Rome presenting the Pentateuch to a new pope after his election. Engraving by Bernard Picart. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde representées par des figures dessinées de la main de Bernard Picard: avec une explication historique, & quelques dissertations curieuses, Volume 1, published Amsterdam: J.F. Bernard, 1723-1737.
Black-and-white offset print reproduction depicting reading from the Torah in the synagogue. From Ridpath's universal history, Volume 5, by John Clark Ridpath.
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