Hand-colored engraving of Jews from Tunis. Engraving by Edouard Willmann after Emile Rouargue. From La Méditerranée, ses îles et ses bords by Louis Enault, published Paris: Morizot.
Engraving of a Jew holding a mezuzah, along with symbols of Hindu and pagan religions. From Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde, Volume 6, by Bernard Picart.
Hand-colored lithograph of a Jewish man from Russia. Lithograph by Godefroy Englemann after a drawing by Jean-Marie Chopin. From Costumes russes modernes.
Black-and-white engraving of Jews from Poland. From France militaire. Histoire des armées françaises de terre et de mer de 1792 à 1833., Volume 3, by Abel Hugo.
Black-and-white etching of Jewish peasants and miners in Poland. Etching by August von Heyden. Printed by Auguste Delâtre. Published Paris: A. Cadart & F. Chevalier.
Black-and-white etching of a Jewish man from Poland. Etching by Jean-Baptiste Le Prince. From Habillements de diverses nations by Jean-Baptiste Le Prince.
Black-and-white engraving depicting a Jewish man holding a mezuzah. From Dictionnaire historique, critique, chronologique, geographique et litteral de la Bible, Volume 4, by Augustin Calmet, published Paris: Emery, Saugrain, & Pierre Martin.
Hand-colored engraving of a Jewish merchant from Algeria. Engraving by Monnin after Francois Claudius Compte-Calix. From Musée cosmopolite, published Paris: Ancienne Mon Aubert.
Hand-colored wood engraving of a married Jewish woman from Algeria. Wood engraving by Léopold Deghouy after Théodore Frère. From L'Afrique française by Christian Pitois, published Paris: A. Barbier.
Hand-colored engraving of Jewish woman from Poland. From L'Autriche, ou Costumes, moeurs et usages des Autrichiens by Jean-Baptiste Benoît Eyriès. The publication depicts the dress of people throughout areas ruled by the House of Austria (House of Habsburg).
Hand-colored engraving of a married Jewish woman from Algeria. Engraving by Adolphe Portier after François-Claudius Compte-Calix. From Musée cosmopolite, published Paris: Ancienne Mon Aubert.
Color lithograph depicting people of Poland, including a Jewish man, woman, and child in the upper panel. From Le costume historique by Auguste Racinet, published Paris: Firmin-Didot et cie.
Color lithograph depicting people of Poland, including a Jewish man, woman, and child in the upper panel. From Le costume historique by Auguste Racinet, published Paris: Firmin-Didot et cie.
Black-and-white offset print reproduction of a Polish schnorrer (beggar) in Leipzig. After a drawing by Gustav Sundblad. Published in Die Gartenlaube, Heft 28, 1875.
Black-and-white photograph of a Jewish man from North Africa. The caption on the back of the photograph reads: "There are many Orthodox Jews in North Africa, descendants of ancestors who have probably lived there since Emperor Hadrian banished the Jews from Rome."
Black-and-white offset print reproduction depicting Jewish men in the National Guard during the November Uprising (1830-1831). From Di Iden in Rusland un Poylen by Israel Friedlaender. Originally printed in Les Israélites de Pologne by Léon Hollaenderski.